To develop higher-performance lithium-ion batteries, researchers have studied various materials, leading to the creation of unprecedented products. For example, lithium-ion sulfur dioxide batteries and lithium-ion thionyl chloride batteries are quite unique. Their positive electrode active material is also the solvent of the electrolyte. This structure only appears in non-aqueous electrochemical systems. Therefore, research on lithium batteries has also promoted the development of electrochemical theory for non-aqueous systems. Besides using various non-aqueous solvents, research has also been conducted on polymer thin-film batteries.
Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants; uninterruptible power supplies for telecommunications; and in power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, military equipment, aerospace, and many other fields.
Lithium-ion batteries, with their unique performance advantages, have been widely used in portable electronic devices such as laptops, cameras, and mobile communications. High-capacity lithium-ion batteries have begun trial use in electric vehicles and are expected to become one of the main power sources for electric vehicles in the 21st century, with applications also in satellites, aerospace, and energy storage. This is driven by energy scarcity and global environmental pressures. Lithium batteries are widely used in the electric vehicle industry, especially with the emergence of lithium iron phosphate batteries, which has further promoted the development and application of the lithium battery industry.
